Immunoassay analyzer yog cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas uas siv los kuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas qhov muaj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg. Nws yog dav siv hauv cov chaw kuaj mob, cov chaw tshawb fawb, thiab tsev kho mob txhawm rau kuaj xyuas ntau yam kev mob nkeeg, saib xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob, thiab taug qab kab mob. Immunoassay analyzer ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntsuas cov lus teb lom neeg rau cov molecules tshwj xeeb hu ua antigens thiab antibodies. Kab lus no yuav muab cov lus qhia dav dav txog yuav ua li cas immunoassay analyzer ua haujlwm thiab nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kuaj mob.
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlwb, cov ntaub so ntswg, cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab cov proteins uas tiv thaiv cov kab mob, cov tshuaj lom, thiab cov hlwb txawv txav. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov protein tshwj xeeb tsim los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas khi rau cov molecules tshwj xeeb hu ua antigens, uas muaj nyob rau ntau yam kab mob, suav nrog cov kab mob, kab mob, kab mob, thiab cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv paub txog thiab nruab nrab cov antigens, tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev ua phem rau lub cev.
Lub immunoassay analyzer siv cov txheej txheem no txhawm rau kuaj pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov qauv lom neeg xws li ntshav, zis, qaub ncaug, lossis kua dej los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Lub analyzer muaj ntau yam khoom, nrog rau cov reagents, sensors, detectors, thiab software, ua hauj lwm ua ke los soj ntsuam. Feem ntau hom immunoassays yog enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), thiab chemiluminescent assay (CLIA).
Hauv ELISA, cov qauv sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb txuas rau ib qho enzyme, xws li alkaline phosphatase lossis horseradish peroxidase. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob-antigen complex yog tom qab ntawd raug ntes ntawm cov khoom txhawb nqa, feem ntau yog lub phaj microtiter coated nrog cov antigen coj. Tom qab ntxuav tawm cov khoom tsis sib xws, cov tshuaj substrate yog ntxiv, uas ua rau cov enzymes, tsim cov xim lossis fluorescence teeb liab uas yog proportional rau tus nqi ntawm antigen tam sim no hauv cov qauv. Lub teeb liab raug kuaj pom los ntawm photometer lossis fluorometer thiab soj ntsuam los ntawm software.
Hauv RIA, cov qauv sib xyaw nrog tus lej paub ntawm radiolabeled antigen lossis antibody. Cov sib tov yog ces incubated nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb unlabelled antibody los yog antigen, uas khi rau lub radioactive molecule. Cov khoom tsis sib haum raug ntxuav tawm, thiab cov xov tooj cua ntawm qhov sib txuas yog ntsuas los ntawm gamma txee. Tus nqi ntawm unlabelled antigen los yog antibody nyob rau hauv cov qauv yog inversely proportional rau lub radioactivity ntawm complex thiab yog xam los ntawm muab piv rau ib tug qauv nkhaus.
Hauv CLIA, cov qauv yog tov nrog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txuas nrog cov chemiluminescent molecule, xws li luminol lossis acridinium ester. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv-antigen complex yog tom qab ntawd raug ntes ntawm cov khoom txhawb nqa coated nrog cov antigen sib raug. Tom qab ntxuav tawm cov khoom tsis sib xws, ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntxiv, uas ua rau cov chemiluminescent molecule, tsim lub teeb emissions uas kuaj pom los ntawm lub raj photomultiplier lossis cov koob yees duab digital. Qhov kev siv ntawm lub teeb emission yog proportional rau tus nqi ntawm antigen tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov qauv thiab yog soj ntsuam los ntawm lub software.
Lub immunoassay analyzer tau hloov kho cov kev kuaj mob los ntawm kev muab kev kuaj xyuas sai, raug, thiab nkag siab txog ntau yam kab mob, suav nrog cov kab mob sib kis, kab mob autoimmune, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab mob plawv. Nws tau hloov cov txheej txheem kab lis kev cai, uas siv sijhawm ntev, siv zog ua haujlwm, thiab qee zaum tsis raug. Lub immunoassay analyzer kuj tau ua kom muaj kev txhim kho ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm kev saib xyuas, uas tso cai rau cov kws kho mob kom tau txais txiaj ntsig hauv feeb, txhim kho kev tswj tus neeg mob thiab txo cov nqi kho mob.
Hauv kev xaus, lub immunoassay analyzer yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj zog uas siv qhov tshwj xeeb thiab kev nkag siab ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov molecules tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg. Nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kuaj mob tau ua kom cov neeg mob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua los ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv raws sij hawm thiab muaj tseeb uas coj kev txiav txim siab hauv tsev kho mob. Immunoassay analyzer yog ib qho pov thawj rau lub zog ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis hauv kev daws teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv nyuaj thiab txhim kho tib neeg lub neej.